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Or the Israeli team led by Ronen Hazan, a microbiologist at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, who made beer from yeast found in ancient clay vessels. Like Seamus Blackley, the inventor of the Xbox, who scraped yeast off 5,000-year-old-Egyptian pottery and made sourdough with it. And irrespective of what you think of the Bible, the fact that somebody in the 1st Century referred to … means that was commonly done at the time."īut that scientific fact hasn't stopped bakers and sourdough enthusiasts around the world from making wild claims about starters that are more than 100 years old or ones that date to the Middle Ages and beyond.Īnd there are stories. Gänzle continued, "If you look at the story of sourdough, the way the story is used implies that sourdough was used as a starter culture. Some examples include Luke 13:20/21: Again He asked, "To what can I compare the kingdom of God? It is like leaven that a woman took and mixed into three measures of flour, until all of it was leavened." Or, in Matthew 13:33: "The kingdom of heaven is like yeast that a woman took and mixed into about sixty pounds of flour until it worked all through the dough."
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If you scour the gospels, you'll found numerous references to leavening, which would require backslopping to make bread. "The second reliable source is the New Testament." One is Pliny the Elder, who wrote about sourdough and explicitly makes reference to backslopping, which means using a part of the dough of the previous day and making the next sourdough," Gänzle said. "To my knowledge, the oldest document 'backslopping' is approximately 2,000 years old, and there are two sources. Michael Gänzle, a food microbiologist from the University of Alberta in Canada, who has been working on the science of sourdough for more than 20 years, backs up Pallant's research and adds a new ingredient to the mix.
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So, according to Love, "You could call it a sourdough, they're making bread, and then they'll take a bit and use it for the next batch… They're still learning how to do this on a massive scale though." While it's unknown whether the Egyptians were deliberately using an actual starter to make their bread, the bakers at the time might've stumbled on the way to use some of the flour/water mixture from the day before and put it into the next day's bake. And when you're talking about 10,000 people that were living there, you are making a lot of bread." "During the pyramid age, so 2,500 BCE, when the pyramids around Giza and that whole complex were being built, what we have is textual sources that says were given a daily allowance of bread, beer and onions. But were the Egyptians using a starter?Īccording to Dr Serena Love, a gastro-Egyptologist, it's not proven.
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You can find hieroglyphics of farmers collecting wheat and baking loaves all over tombs and temples. According to historians and archaeologists, widespread breadmaking really took off around 5,000-6,000 years ago in Ancient Egypt. Like the bubbling sludge of a fermenting sourdough starter, the history of making sourdough bread is murky. The result is a living organism that's tantamount to a pet that requires feeding and care with water, flour and friendly growing temperatures. Like yeast, the bacteria also consume carbs, but instead of bubbles, its by-product is lactic acid, which puts the sour flavour in sourdough.